爱上海419论坛-阿拉上海后花园419-夜上海最新论坛社区-上海品茶工作室

　　Since the reform and opening up, China is the only country in the world that has not experienced financial and economic crisis.

　　If we want to find a word to describe China’s economic achievements in the 40 years of reform and opening up, the most appropriate word is "miracle".

　　At the beginning of the reform and opening up in 1978, China was one of the poorest countries in the world. According to the statistics of the World Bank, China’s per capita GDP in 1978 was only $156. It is generally believed that sub-Saharan African countries are the poorest regions in the world, but in 1978, the per capita GDP of sub-Saharan African countries was $490. Like other poor countries in the world, at that time, 81% of the population in China lived in rural areas, and 84% of the population lived below the international poverty line of $1.25 per day.

　　At that time, China was also a very introverted economy, with exports accounting for only 4.1% of GDP and imports accounting for only 5.6%, which added up to only 9.7%. Moreover, more than 75% of the exported products are agricultural products or agricultural processed products.

　　On such a weak basis, from 1978 to 2017, China’s economy has achieved an average annual growth rate of 9.5% for 39 consecutive years. In the history of human economy, no other country or region has seen such a high-speed growth for such a long time, and the average annual growth rate of China’s foreign trade has reached 14.5%. In the history of human economy, no other country can change from a closed economy to an open economy so quickly.

　　At this growth rate, China’s economic scale surpassed that of Japan in 2009, becoming the second largest economy in the world. In 2010, China’s export volume surpassed that of Germany, becoming the largest exporter in the world, and more than 97% of its export products were manufactured products, so China was called "the factory of the world".

　　The country that was once called the "world factory" was Britain after the Industrial Revolution. By the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, the "world factory" became the United States. After World War II, it became Germany, Japan and now China.

　　In 2013, the total trade volume of China surpassed that of the United States and became the largest trading country in the world. In 2014, in terms of purchasing power parity, China’s economy surpassed the United States and became the largest economy in the world. Last year, China’s per capita GDP reached US$ 8,640, making it an upper-middle income country.

　　In this process, more than 700 million people were lifted out of poverty according to the international poverty line, which contributed more than 70% to the world’s poverty reduction in the past 40 years. During this period, although China’s theory of economic collapse broke out one after another, China is the only country in the world that has not experienced financial and economic crisis since the reform and opening up.

　　Why can China achieve such achievements in reform and opening up?

　　To answer this question, we must first understand what is the essence of economic growth. On the surface, it is the continuous improvement of per capita income and the continuous enrichment of materials. However, the prerequisite for the improvement of per capita income is the continuous improvement of labor productivity. There are two main ways to improve labor productivity:

　　One way is to carry out technological innovation in existing industries, so that workers can produce more and more good products; The other way is industrial upgrading, which allocates resources from industrial sectors with low added value to industrial sectors with high added value. For developed and developing countries, these two methods are the same.

　　Developing countries have the possibility to achieve technological progress and industrial upgrading through introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation, which is called latecomer advantage. Taking advantage of this advantage, developing countries can achieve technological progress and industrial upgrading at lower cost and less risk, and achieve faster economic growth than developed countries.

　　This is because the technology and industry of developed countries are at the forefront of the world, and only by inventing new technologies and industries can technological progress and industrial upgrading be realized. For developing countries, as long as the technology used in the next production activity is better than that in this period, it is technological progress; As long as the added value of new industries entered in the next period is higher than that in the current period, it is industrial upgrading.

　　Because there is a gap between the advanced level of technology and the level of industrial added value, developing countries can introduce, digest, absorb and re-innovate mature technologies from developed countries, and realize industrial upgrading by entering industries with higher added value than the existing level and mature in developed countries.

　　Of course, it is only a theoretical possibility to take advantage of the advantage of latecomers, and not all developing countries can take advantage of the advantage of latecomers to achieve rapid development.

　　After the Second World War, 13 economies took advantage of their latecomers to achieve an average annual economic growth of 7% or more, which lasted for 25 years or more, greatly shortening the gap with developed countries. After the reform and opening up, China is the most eye-catching among the 13 economies, and it is also the fastest to catch up.

　　Therefore, I believe that the main reason why China’s economy can achieve rapid growth after the reform and opening up is that China has made full use of the advantages of latecomers. Why didn’t China take advantage of the advantages of latecomers before the reform and opening up? The most important thing is that the way of thinking determines the way out.

　　Why did China’s transformation succeed, while other countries failed in the same period?

　　If we think that the market-oriented reform is the main reason for the economic disparity in China around 1978, why are most socialist countries in transition in the 1980s and 1990s, and many developing countries with other social natures are also undergoing the transition from planned economy or government-led economy to market economy, which is similar to China? They are in constant crisis, and the gap with developed countries is getting bigger and bigger, while we are developing steadily and rapidly?

　　In the 1980s and 1990s, these socialist countries and other developing countries of social nature began to transform. At that time, it was believed that the poor economic benefits of these countries before the transformation were due to too much government intervention in the market and the failure to establish a modern market economic system as perfect as that of developed countries.

　　At that time, the mainstream view of international academic circles believed that "shock therapy" must be implemented to realize economic transformation. According to the Washington Consensus, all government intervention should be abolished and privatization, marketization and liberalization should be promoted.

　　Although the goal is good, this transformation idea ignores that the government intervention in the original system is to protect and subsidize heavy industries that do not have comparative advantages. If the protection subsidy is abolished, the result will inevitably be the bankruptcy of enterprises that lack viability, resulting in a large number of unemployment and a huge impact on social and political stability in the short term.

　　Moreover, many industries in heavy industry are related to national defense and security. Even if they are privatized, the state cannot give up and must continue to give protection subsidies, while private entrepreneurs are more enthusiastic about asking the government to provide protection subsidies than state-owned enterprises. Rent-seeking and corruption are serious, but the efficiency is even lower.

　　Why can China’s economy maintain stability and develop rapidly? We are pursuing the "old ways for the old and new ways for the new", and we will continue to give necessary protection subsidies to industries that are capital-intensive, large-scale and related to employment and national security during the transition period to maintain economic stability; For industries that were restrained in the past and were labor-intensive and in line with China’s comparative advantages, we should liberalize access, actively attract investment, and set up industrial parks and processing export zones in a pragmatic way to turn them into competitive advantages.

　　With the rapid development of new industries that meet the comparative advantage, capital accumulates rapidly, and the comparative advantage changes. The industries that violated the comparative advantage have become China’s comparative advantage. Enterprises have become self-reliant from lack of viability, and protection subsidies have changed from "giving charcoal in the snow" to "icing on the cake". They can and should be abolished, so as to eradicate the problems of corruption breeding and widening income gap caused by market distortion and improper intervention in the process of gradual dual-track reform, and make China complete.

　　In the 1980s and 1990s, the mainstream western economic theory thought that the gradual dual-track system adopted by China was the worst way of transformation, and advocated eliminating government intervention at one time. The practice of China’s reform and opening up has proved that the pragmatic gradual dual-track system is an important reason for China to maintain economic stability and rapid development.

　　What is the significance of summing up China’s 40-year experience of reform and opening up to modern economics?

　　After World War II, many developing countries got rid of colonial and semi-colonial status and devoted themselves to the industrialization and modernization of their own countries, but few successful economies. Since World War II, among nearly 200 developing economies, only two economies have moved from low income to high income, one is Taiwan Province, China, and the other is South Korea. In 2025, Chinese mainland is likely to become the third economy from low income to high income after World War II.

　　By comparing a few successful and most unsuccessful economies after World War II, I found that so far no developing economy has succeeded in formulating policies according to mainstream western theories, and the common feature of a few successful economies is that their policies were wrong from the mainstream theory at that time when they were implemented.

　　For example, in the 1950s and 1960s, all developing countries were pursuing national modernization and industrialization. At that time, the mainstream theory was structuralism. It was believed that developing countries should implement the import substitution strategy, allocate resources under the leadership of the government, and develop modern capital-intensive industries. The economies that implemented this strategy failed.

　　A few successful East Asian economies, however, started from the traditional labor-intensive small-scale industries and pursued the export-oriented rather than import-substitution strategy. At that time, this development mode was considered wrong.

　　In the 1980s and 1990s, all socialist and non-socialist countries turned to market economy from government-led development mode. At that time, the mainstream theory was neo-liberalism, which advocated "Washington Consensus" and "shock therapy" to eliminate all kinds of government intervention distortions at one time in order to establish a perfect market economy system. Countries that have transformed in this way have suffered from economic collapse, stagnation and constant crises, while a few economies, such as China, Viet Nam and Cambodia, have achieved rapid development, but they have adopted a dual-track and gradual reform model. Why is this so?

　　Because the mainstream theory comes from the summary of the experience of developed countries and takes the conditions of developed countries as the premise of the theory, because the conditions of developing countries and developed countries are different, copying the mainstream theory from developed countries will inevitably encounter problems.

　　From the perspective of economics, the theories we are adopting now are based on what developed countries have, such as structuralism, or what developed countries have done well, so that developing countries can copy them, such as neoliberalism.

　　The market economy in developed countries is indeed relatively perfect. Because the governments of developing countries have a lot of intervention in the market, they advocate that developing countries adopt the institutional arrangements of developed countries. In fact, this theory ignores an important point, that is, it does not see the differences between the conditions of developing countries and developed countries.

　　This is one of the reasons why I began to advocate the new jiegou after I came back from the World Bank in 2012. It is very different from the mainstream economics in the past, and it is the experience summed up in China’s own success or failure, as well as in developing countries and economies after World War II.

　　Such a theory comes from developing countries and consciously takes the conditions of developing countries as the starting point, which can better explain why China is successful, what are its shortcomings and how to develop in the future. At the same time, this theory also has important reference value for other developing countries.

　　I believe that as long as we continue to deepen along the road of reform and opening up, China will become the largest economy in the 21st century, and the economic phenomenon that happened in China will be the most important world economic phenomenon. The economic center of the world has always been the innovation center of economic theory, and most famous economists come from this. Therefore, when China becomes the world economic center in the 21st century, most of the world famous economists will come from China. As a developing country and a country in transition, China has similar conditions with other developing countries and countries in transition, and our theory will help other developing countries realize industrialization and modernization more than that from developed countries.

　　Author: Professor Lin Yifu of Peking University

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FAW-Volkswagen CC shows a unique sporty atmosphere with its unique front face design and dynamic lines. Its air intake grille adopts a family-style design, which is perfectly integrated with the headlights, showing exquisiteness and dynamics. The shape of the whole vehicle is smooth and dynamic, which shows the sports style and luxury. The design of FAW-Volkswagen CC is not only eye-catching, but also has excellent aerodynamic performance, which brings drivers a more stable and comfortable driving experience.

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The interior of FAW-Volkswagen CC adopts a modern and simple design style, and the layout of the center console is simple and generous. The 9.2-inch central control screen not only supports the voice recognition control system of multimedia system, navigation, telephone and air conditioner, but also is equipped with USB and Type-C interfaces, which is convenient for passengers to charge their mobile phones at any time. The steering wheel is made of leather, which feels comfortable and supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth, so that drivers can find the best driving posture. The seat is made of leather /Alcantara, which improves the texture and comfort of the seat. Both the main seat and the auxiliary seat have heating function, and support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment (4-way) and lumbar support (4-way), so that long-distance driving will not feel tired. The rear seats can be laid down in proportion, which increases the storage space of the luggage compartment.

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Original title: Bo Huang’s teenage photos exposed the five facial features and did not lose the red meat (Figure)

Recently, some netizens exposed the old photos of Huang Bo when he first made his debut. In the photos, although Bo Huang was dressed in ancient costume, a little fresh breath still came to his face. The young Bo Huang had a tender face and delicate facial features, and he didn’t lose the popular little fresh meat at all. Some netizens even commented that when he was young, Bo Huang bumped into a Korean model Kim Woo Bin!

Jerry Lee’s famous work "Soldiers Assault", a bookish and engaging little scholar, was impressed by the wooden students. A few years later, he saw Jerry Lee again in an unknown TV series. He was thinner and darker, not so pure, but he was still very likable and more manly.

A few days ago, an old photo of Won Bin, Han Xing was exposed. A Korean forum published an advertisement photo of Won Bin’s past endorsement of cowboy clothing, which was dug up by netizens. In the photo, Won Bin, though slightly green, does not lose the true colors of "beautiful boys".

According to South Korean media reports, Won Bin is likely to collaborate with Kim Tae-Hee, the "first beauty" in South Korea’s post-90s generation, in a new drama, starring in a new work by South Korean star screenwriter Noh Hee kyung. Like Zhang Dongjian, the predecessor of beautiful boys, Won Bin returned to the TV screen after 12 years.

The video exposure of some members of super junior, a popular Korean group, during the internship period, among which the video of member Donghai was exposed for the first time, which brought surprises to netizens.

Donghai, a member of super junior, is currently working with actress Yin Shengya to make a new drama "Miss Panda and Hedgehog". It is reported that Donghai has been practicing its skills for three months in order to interpret the role of a cake maker. According to the crew, Donghai’s cake-making skills are quite good, and at present, a variety of exquisite and delicious cakes can be made.

Lee Hyo Ri, the sexy queen of South Korea, has been taking the sexy route since she made her solo flight, and has also successfully occupied a place in the Korean music scene. A few days ago, some netizens uploaded photos of Lee Hyo Ri when she was a member of the girls’ group fin.k.l, which triggered a heated discussion among netizens. I didn’t expect that today’s sexy diva once had the shadow of Shen Jiayi in Giddens Ko’s work "The Girls We Chased Together in Those Years" directed by China Taiwan Province.

The youthful photos of Kim HeeChul, a member of South Korean men’s team sj, and Song Ji Hyo, a movie star, were exposed and became the focus of discussion among netizens.

Recently, some netizens uploaded the old photos of Kim HeeChul and Song Ji Hyo wearing lovers’ costumes and singing funny songs in the variety show "Popular Songs" of sbs TV station in the past. Netizens said that it was 2007, and they worked hand in hand as the host of popular songs of sbs for one year.

In the photo, two people are wearing gray lovers’ pullovers, and the green degree is obvious to everyone. Kim HeeChul has a blue heart on her clothes, and Song Ji Hyo has a pink heart on her clothes. In addition, she is wearing a pink schoolbag, which is very cute.

Netizens who have seen the photos said: Both of them are very cute, and Song Ji Hyo looks so young, like a student sister; Kim HeeChul is so gentlemanly, and he offered to get Song Ji Hyo a microphone.

I know her name is in the mainstream "Da Ming Gong Ci", but when I saw her, I was more impressed by the movie "Little Wife". The rich husband was detained or imprisoned. As soon as she passed the door, the little wife who didn’t know anything made a living alone. It was a very relaxed and jubilant film. It was also good to say that Zhou Xun played a comedy. It was many years later that I realized that my little wife and Taiping were actually the same person. It was really different in style. That movie was the kind of local film produced by a film studio that only the film channel would broadcast. It is really very different from our little Taiping.

Recently, some netizens exposed a group of pictures in the album of the same name released by Kevin Cheng when he first debuted. The "antique-level" old photos showed the elegance of Kevin Cheng as a singer in the lush era. Kevin Cheng in the photo is clean and clever, and his cute expression makes him look green, but his appearance is not much different from now.

Recently, a tape cover photo of Zhao Benshan’s early years was exposed on the Internet. This cover photo is a propaganda photo of Zhao Benshan and Huang Xiaojuan’s early sketch Mahjong Tofu. In the photo, Zhao Benshan is young and handsome, and his thick black hair can vaguely see his youth.

If you think the bangs in Song Dandan are the bright spot, it’s because you didn’t see Na Ying, who sells cute. If you think Na Ying, who sells cute, is the bright spot, it’s because you didn’t see the sad-looking Jinggang Mountain behind them.

International online entertainment reports that Lee Hyo Ri, the sexy queen of Korea, has been taking the sexy route since she made her solo flight, and has also successfully occupied a place in the Korean music scene. A few days ago, some netizens uploaded photos of Lee Hyo Ri when she was a member of the girls’ group Fin.k.l, which triggered a heated discussion among netizens. I didn’t expect that today’s sexy diva once had the shadow of Shen Jiayi in Giddens Ko’s work "Girls We Chased Together in Those Years" directed by China Taiwan Province.

Nicholas Tse has always been cool, but even the coolest star was a bit funny when he debuted that year. Some netizens uploaded a magazine cover photo of Nicholas Tse in 1997 in Weibo-Nicholas Tse wearing orange glasses is very green.

Journal No.3337 on December 22, 2022

2022 is the ninth year of online movies. Different from the short drama industry, this year’s online movies have further shrunk in market scale under the dual effects of upgrading and reducing the quality of the industry and reducing the cost and increasing the efficiency of the platform. At the same time, however, there are still a number of high-quality online movies that stand out in the field of online content because of their commercial considerations and artistic standards.

Among them, Ashton Chen directed and led the movie, Zou Zhaolong played a special role, Hao Shaowen played a friendly role, and Liu Tianzuo, Huang Qiao, Zhang Haoyu, Wen Qing, Xu Shaoqiang, Zhongwei Jiang and others co-starred in the online movie "Skipping School Detective" for five days, which broke the box office of 10 million yuan, winning the full-platform box office for six consecutive times and the full-platform audience for five times the next day. For Ashton Chen, who first directed the tube, it really made people shine at the moment.

Detective Truant tells the story that Chen Hu, the first police captain in Shanghai, received a murder case, and the deceased He Manjun was the son of a senior official of the military and political department of the Shanghai government and a student of St. Martin’s High School. In order to get the first-hand information about solving crimes, Chen Hu had to pretend to be a student and mix into the school. Chen Hu, who is not good at studying in high school, is miserable and has repeatedly become a laughing stock; At the same time, while investigating the case, he launched a contest with various forces.

From the perspective of theme types, The Detective Skipping School takes suspense stories as the main line, and skillfully integrates action and comedy elements, which is the key to the integration of multiple themes and commercial elements or its ability to quickly attract audiences and open up the market to obtain high box office.

What kind of innovation and exploration is hidden behind the film? To this end, we invited Ashton Chen to talk about the creative path of this project.

The four stages of drama are well-defined

Around 2018, Ashton Chen, who had never met his favorite script, came up with the idea of making his own. Until the end of 2019, Ashton Chen team found writers Qiu Mingjia and Gao Bing, formed a small-scale production team, and started script creation.

Although it is the first time to be a director, everything on the set is no stranger to Ashton Chen, who has been on the set since childhood. In addition to the well-known identity of "actor", his experience as an "action director" in many plays also made him adapt to his new identity in advance.

As the core of the team, Ashton Chen participated in every creative link of "Skipping School Detective". "Because this is the first play made by our company, I will share my long-standing experience with you. Regarding some bridges of the script, including what I like or dislike, our director group, production group and screenwriter group will meet and discuss together. In fact, what you see now is left behind by our layers of screening. "

As for the positioning of the works, Ashton Chen thinks that regardless of the final quality of the films, it is easy to find his own position if he blindly targets or "confronts" the cinema films. Therefore, from the very beginning, Detective Truant has designed an image that is more suitable for this port according to the special work form of online movies.

"We consider that the audience on the online platform is too young. Although the story is set in the Republic of China, we still hope to show it to you from a new perspective from various aspects such as art, clothing, music, light and shadow, and lens. For example, in clothing, we hope that the audience can think that girls are beautiful and boys are handsome. "

In terms of the proportion of literary drama and martial arts drama, Ashton Chen revealed that he did not deliberately set when there must be a play, and the settings of the scenes were all done in one go. "We respect the writer’s idea, and I also think that as a good writer, we can certainly achieve this. There are about four important scenes in the film now. I think this ratio is just right. If it is too much, it will cause visual fatigue. If it is less, the audience may feel that it is not enough. "

It is not difficult to find that the four stages of drama are relaxed and distinct. The opening play in the warehouse, whether it’s flying tail wagging or close combat, quickly makes the audience adrenaline soar; The second paragraph took place in a nightclub, playing with joy; The third part of the group drama happened on campus, playing a cool feeling; In the fourth paragraph, the ultimate confrontation in the instrument room is the realism from boxing to meat.

In the film, the action team "Longmen Interpreter" set up by Ashton Chen in 2010 is responsible for the action realization. Team members are carefully selected by Ashton Chen from his father’s martial arts school, and taught by him personally.

"I came out of my dad’s martial arts school at the earliest. There are about 10,000 children studying in the martial arts school, and some of them want to be engaged in the film and television industry like me. I hope that’ Longmen Buddhism’ can give them some opportunities to understand what an action movie is and what a crew is. On the other hand, there is also a long-term plan to make my own action movies better, so I need a professional team to help me improve them. "

The suspense line is exquisitely laid out and reversed layer by layer.

Action drama is the strength of Ashton Chen’s team, so when filming "Skipping School Detective", the team did not particularly worry about the part of martial arts drama, but put more thoughts on polishing the literary drama.

"To be honest, we didn’t spend a lot of time on action drama, but focused on grasping the script and adjusting the rhythm. We hope that the part of solving the case will satisfy everyone, because the suspense line of the case is not good. "

In a limited time, it is also the biggest challenge for the crew to make a delicate layout of the suspense line of the film. "In fact, our time is a little sufficient, but the amount of plays and cases we play is very large, which may be at least one third more than other plays, so time is very tight."

The story of Skipping School Detective originated from a bizarre rickshaw murder case. The deceased He Manjun was the son of a senior official in Shanghai and a student of St. Martin’s High School. Therefore, Chen Hu disguised himself as a student and mixed into the school to investigate. And as the truth gradually approaches, the reversal continues. Chen Hu locked the mayor’s son Wu Zhen according to a cuff link left at the crime scene; With the investigation, Yu Meizhen, a female student who had been violated by He Manjun, also had a motive for committing crimes. Li Jinhu, an instructor who was caught by He Manjun selling opium, seems to be involved. ……

A mystery, many reversals. In Ashton Chen’s view, good stories are still scarce, which is also the key for film and television works to stand out. At the same time, it is the ultimate meaning that Ashton Chen wants to express through the film to show the public’s resistance and struggle against the dark forces of the Republic of China.

Hao Shaowen is more than just a "feeling card"

What surprised the audience most was that Ashton Chen and Hao Shaowen, the pair of "cp", reunited in "Skipping School Detective" after 25 years.

At that time, Ashton Chen and Hao Shaowen, who were still in their infancy, made a deep impression on the audience by co-starring in many films such as shaolin popey, shaolin popey ii messy temple, Ten Brothers and Legend of Heaven. After many years, the voice calling for the two to cooperate again is endless.

"A few years ago, there were also some opportunities to invite the two of us to participate together, but after reading the script, I felt that it was still a little less interesting."

When he decided to shoot "Skipping School Detective", Ashton Chen admitted that at first he was a little exclusive about the cooperation between the two. "Later, I thought this role was actually quite interesting, not for Hao Shaowen to deal with. In this play, he has his own performance space." In the film, Hao Shaowen is a well-deserved comedian, and his appearance has created many hilarious scenes that are fresh in the audience’s memory.

Talking about their cooperation again after 25 years, Ashton Chen said that it was wonderful. "We are all more sensible than before. When I was a child, everyone led us to film. Now I am leading everyone to work at the scene. We respect the feeling of creating together at the scene. Although we didn’t meet each other for many years after we were separated, we met again. It was a strange feeling, but we were familiar with each other and knew each other’s thoughts. "

From filming for the first time to directing for the first time, Hao Shaowen witnessed every change in Ashton Chen. For Ashton Chen, who is the first director, his steps have not stopped. In the future, he will try various types such as police themes and fashion kung fu movies. "For actors, kung fu movies can’t be left behind. I hope to present good works to everyone and develop some different IPS through action movies."

The overall design of xt6 continues Cadillac’s latest family design language. The design concept of diamond cutting gives it a high sense of quality in details. The shield-shaped front grille is matched with the black body, which makes it look very atmospheric. The shape of the headlights is quite sharp, the layout of the internal light source is very clever, and the recognition after lighting is also extremely high.

In the interior, the family-style luxury design concept is continued, and the center console is wrapped in a lot of leather, creating a strong texture. The 8.0-inch central control screen adopts a set of cue multimedia system, which supports Apple carplay, Baidu carlife mobile phone interconnection and OnStar 4glte service. In addition, the system also supports ota online upgrade.

The length, width and height are 5056×1964×1780mm respectively, and the wheelbase is 2863mm. In the same class, the wheelbase of Cadillac XT6 ranks 31st. One bright spot is that its width reaches 1964mm, which reflects that the lateral space inside the car is not bad. The design of skylight also increases the subjective space feeling of front and rear passengers. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of Cadillac XT6 ranks 7th. Spatial performance is limited by vehicle positioning, and the performance is acceptable, and the flatness is no problem, but the total space is average.

Cadillac XT6 is equipped with a 2.0 engine with a maximum output of 174kW and a maximum torque of 350Nm. The whole power parameters are superior in power performance among engines of the same class, which can provide better power performance. The official measured acceleration of Cadillac XT6 is 8.8S, ranking 39th among 400,000-800,000 SUV models.

The active/passive safety configuration of Cadillac XT6 is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In order to have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of Cadillac XT6, you can go to the Easy Car Cadillac XT6 Forum and browse the messages of users who have bought the car in history.

    [Original Title] Building People’s Cars with "China Core" —— A Record of Liu Changye, "Eight Gui Model" and Chief Technology Officer of Control and Software of SAIC-GM-Wuling Technology Center

Liu Changye (second from right) and the team members are discussing the technical scheme of turning to the key controller. (Photo courtesy of SAIC-GM-Wuling)

    With the dream of "automobile power", he led the team to step into the "no man’s land" of scientific research again and again, overcome key core technologies, solve the problem of "stuck neck", and was determined to build "people’s car" with hard core "Chinese core".

    He and his colleagues are quite responsible, and it is difficult to attack the "core". They have successively completed the independent development and mass production of software and hardware of more than 30 controllers, and completed the loading application of 40 million domestic chips on the whole vehicle.

    Thanks to the efforts of him and his team, Wuling Hongguang MINIEV, known as the "people’s scooter" and the world’s single-model sales champion of new energy vehicles for seven times, has increased the localization rate of chips from 6% to 93% in three years.

    As a doctor of "returnees" majoring in combustion science, he has devoted himself to car-making for thirteen years, and always "burns" his burning dreams in the most efficient way in the process of transformation and cross-border.

    He is the "Eight Gui Model", the deputy general manager of the technical center of SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as SAIC-GM-Wuling), the chief technology officer of control and software, and the deputy director of Guangxi New Energy Automobile Laboratory and professor-level senior engineer Liu Changye.

   "Black! Open up the second pulse of industrial governor. "

    "emergency! Urgent! "

    Put the hour hand back to the end of February 2022. Although it is early spring, it is still chilly. There is a tense atmosphere in SAIC-GM-Wuling. Due to the sudden interruption of the supply of imported chips, the steering controller of key components could not be supplied, and a large number of cars on the assembly line could not be off the assembly line.

    At that time, the "chip shortage" was sweeping the automobile industry. The price of some key components has skyrocketed. Although the price has doubled, it is still hard to find a "core", resulting in a shortage of controllers. SAIC-GM-Wuling introduced more than 40 measures to ensure supply before and after, but it still can’t completely solve the shortage of key components.

    "Before 2019, the controller was regarded as a’ black box’ by everyone, and it was purchased as a whole with parts. We don’t know its internal structure, let alone what chips are carried inside." Liu Changye said that it was not until the "chip shortage" spread in 2021 that enterprises deeply felt the pain of "sticking their necks".

    Production is facing stagnation, and engineers are in a hurry.

    I would rather fight hard than endure it. The grim situation has inspired everyone’s spirit of struggle and aroused the responsibility of "the more difficult it is, the more forward it is".

    "Black! It must be black! Key core technologies must be firmly in their own hands. " Liu Changye thought: "Perhaps the pain point of’ chip shortage’ is the key point to get through the second pulse of industry."

    As a result, the team immediately launched the "Black Box Action" to crack the internal mystery of the "black box" and determined to kill a bloody road on the unknown road of making domestic cars with domestic chips.

    The news of all parties was summarized in the technical center, and one of them attracted the attention of the team: a university in Shanghai with long-term and in-depth cooperation with SAIC-GM-Wuling has made a breakthrough in the application of domestic chips. Full of expectations, Liu Changye immediately went to Shanghai from Liuzhou with a research team of 20 people, and "chased the core" at full speed.

    "Our technology has no precedent for industrialization, and you are about to step into a’ no man’s land’." College experts told Liu Changye.

    The difficulties are far more than that. At that time, the COVID-19 epidemic in Shanghai was tight, so they had to move the scientific research equipment to the hotel, turning the hotel into a crucial place for the team, where they lived and ate. Lacking a testing ground, the underground parking lot became their testing ground.

    After fighting all night and repeated testing, the problems in the software code were found out one by one and corrected one by one. At the same time, Liu Changye also keeps in touch with suppliers, universities and Liuzhou base in production and logistics.

    Race against time. In just 8 days, the software development was completed, which solved the obstacle of related software from laboratory to industrialization. In another 6 days, 100% of the steering controller with domestic chips will be on the production line.

    This speed has shocked the industry.

    In the face of praise from all parties, Liu Changye, who started to set up a team to try to develop controllers at the end of 2019, was not satisfied. "We have mature and complete parts verification capabilities and technology industrialization capabilities, so that the technology of the institute can enter the market and enter thousands of households. There are still many ways to go."

    According to relevant data, in 2022, the global production will be reduced by 4.4 million vehicles due to chip shortage. The success of SAIC-GM-Wuling’s "Black-Breaking Action" ensured that 400,000 vehicles were successfully rolled off the assembly line, driving sales revenue to exceed 10 billion yuan.

    The "Operation Breaking the Black" has boosted everyone’s confidence. After that, Liu Changye led the team to further break through the technologies of software algorithm, domestic chip application and vehicle calibration, and successively completed the independent development and mass production of software and hardware of more than 30 controllers, realized the domestic substitution of 486 chips, and accumulated 40 million domestic chips in the vehicle. Loading application.

    Wade through the deep water and gnaw hard bones. SAIC-GM-Wuling not only solved its own technical problems, but also made domestic chips have rich application scenarios in the field of automobile manufacturing, which promoted the rapid upgrade iteration of domestic chips for vehicles and accelerated industrialization.

   "The software has no accidental failure"

    "There is no accidental failure in the software, and the probability of failure is 0, which is 100%." This sentence of Liu Changye is deeply in the heart of Zhang Zhongjun, the electronic architecture integration manager of SAIC-GM-Wuling Technology Center.

    In the traditional automobile manufacturing process, due to mechanical errors and other factors, there are occasional failures. In a new model development test, the body controller of one of hundreds of cars failed. As usual, Zhang Zhongjun attributed this to "accidental failure" and wrote it into the report.

    Unexpectedly, this was severely criticized by Liu Changye: "There is a problem with the software of this car, and it will definitely appear in other cars! We must find the cause of the problem and give a solution. "

    Although he didn’t quite agree with him, Zhang Zhongjun did as required. Because he knows that Liu Changye’s self-requirements and requirements for product quality are extremely strict.

    "We checked for a week and found that there was a mistake in the software program. We improved the scheme." Seeing the new report submitted by Zhang Zhongjun, Liu Changye finally smiled with satisfaction.

    The phrase "there is no accidental software failure" deeply affects the team-you must not let go of any suspicious problems.

    To overcome difficulties, we need courage and perseverance, and we need to find the right path.

    In November last year, when developing the key safety controller, Wang Wei, the test and experience manager, encountered an unprecedented problem. "This test is bulky and difficult. How to speed up the completion as soon as possible to reduce the supply pressure of the production line? How to solve the problem of high cost of collision test? This makes us feel at a loss. " He said.

    Just when Wang Wei was at a loss, Liu Changye told him, "Don’t be afraid of difficulties, do the right thing."

    Liu Changye broke through the traditional "hard-hitting" crash test method, took everyone to collect more than 30,000 sets of real vehicle data, conducted simulation tests through signal simulation, completed the target task in 10 days, and built a complete signal simulation test system.

    "Software testing is not only qualified acceptance, but also repeated verification in various complex environments, reverse analysis of all possibilities, and efforts to ensure safety and stability." Liu Changye’s words helped Wang Wei find the way to work and the mission of struggle.

    The ancients said, "Who dares to be wrong if the child rate is positive?" With Liu Changye leading by example and setting an example, the team worked as one, and the technical problems of "sticking the neck" were broken.

    "He proposed a long time ago to promote the localization of chips with decoupling thinking, eliminate the problem that chip software and hardware cannot be matched among different enterprises, and make the joint innovation of politics, production, learning, research and use more efficient and forward-looking. At present, the controller and chip application sub-laboratory of Guangxi New Energy Vehicle Laboratory is promoting scientific research innovation and technical iteration under such a concept. "

    "He has a huge knowledge reserve and is called a generalist in science. Once the data didn’t match, he personally deduced the mathematical formula. "

    "He is always full of energy. He forgets to eat and sleep when he does a project. He is often the last person to leave the office. Sometimes he replies to the questions raised by the team on WeChat at one or two in the morning."

    "He is rigorous and meticulous, pursuing Excellence, and his positive and optimistic scientific research attitude infects everyone in the team."

    ……

    In the interview, colleagues outlined the image of this "benchmarking" scientific research worker.

    In fact, Liu Changye is not a talented player born to build a car. From studying physics and combustion to studying engines, to focusing on the development of new energy vehicles and solving the problems of controller development … He constantly challenges himself, which is the intensive work and study for years. Those foreign language documents that have been turned over have been repeatedly tested for thousands of times. The lights that are always on in the office at night and the gray hair on his head are the testimony of the "post-80 s" technical expert’s diligent work and courage to climb the peak of science and technology.

   "Fighting spirit, changing the unknown"

    Interview with Liu Changye, we made an appointment at 8 pm. Through the window of Liu Changye’s office on the 5th floor of Wuling Hongguang Building of SAIC-GM, we can see that he is having a heated discussion with a group of people. It was not until half an hour later that the meeting ended that he came out and said apologetically, "Sorry to have kept you waiting!" "

    Walking into his office, there was a display screen for demonstrating PPT, two pieces of blue tooling, and various materials on the desktop … The most special thing was the form with a wall. "Key Controller Project Plan" and "Key Component Development Plan" … On the table, there are many key nodes, target tasks and development progress, and the time span is from 2020 to 2024.

    "When I have a sip of water, we’ll talk in two minutes." When we sit down, Liu Changye said. At this time, I saw Liu Changye’s eyes through black-rimmed glasses, which was a little tired.

    Before joining SAIC-GM-Wuling, Liu Changye studied physics and combustion, and went to Madrid University of Science and Technology and Delft University in the Netherlands to study. He was selected as the first batch of "National Project for Building High-level Universities" to jointly train doctoral students and went to Lund University in Sweden for further study.

    As we all know, new energy vehicles have no internal combustion engines. However, this expert who studies combustion is the first group of people who invested in the development of new energy vehicles by SAIC-GM-Wuling. Thanks to Liu Changye’s long-term study experience, he has developed his strong learning ability and logical thinking, which has become two sharp tools for him to carry out scientific research in the future. In his view, the internal logic of innovation and research and development are all interlinked.

    When studying in Sweden, the engine laboratory was next to his laboratory. "I was fascinated by the ingenious design of the engine in the laboratory. It was simply a perfect work of art." Speaking of which, Liu Changye’s eyes sparkled.

    After that, Liu Changye often went to the laboratory next door to observe. During the long-term exchanges, he deeply felt the gap between China and developed countries in car-making technology, and the seeds of dreams were quietly sprouting in his heart.

    "My parents are industrial workers and always respect and support my choices." The cold wind in Sweden gradually receded, and the moat of the castle began to shine, and winter went to spring. Standing at the crossroads of life, Liu Changye was a little confused in his heart until he met this engine. "I grew up in Liuzhou’s strong industrial and cultural atmosphere and watched the automobile industry surge. I am also the son of a worker, and I am always eager to use what I have learned. " Liu Changye immediately decided to go back to Liuzhou to work and devote himself to automobile research and development.

    In 2010, Liu Changye joined SAIC-GM-Wuling and was the second doctor recruited by the company.

    Nowadays, it has become the norm for "returnees" to return to their hometowns and doctors to enter the factory. Among the 4000 engineers in SAIC-GM-Wuling Technology Center, there are 26 doctors.

    Among the four apprentices Liu Changye is currently taking, there are two doctors. He also integrated the enlightened education of his parents into the process of mentoring.

    Alvin Wong, a post-90s doctor, is an expert in software testing and one of Liu Changye’s apprentices. "He always works late, but he never asks us to do the same." In Alvin Wong’s eyes, Liu Changye’s "being a teacher and a friend" is an example for learning and a yardstick for correcting mistakes.

    "When I first entered the company from campus, I always wanted to prove myself. In order to make an annual summary report, I want to present it in a bright way. " Alvin Wong said. However, Liu Changye told Alvin Wong that the road is simple, and it is not necessary to engage in fancy things in scientific research, but to be down-to-earth.

    Adhering to the fine tradition of "working hard and striving for self-improvement" and aiming at mastering key core technologies, SAIC-GM-Wuling is accelerating its global layout on the new track of new energy vehicles. A number of new energy vehicles, represented by Wuling Air ev, which shined brilliantly at the G20 Summit held in Bali, Indonesia in 2022, are shining frequently on the international stage with the expectation of Liu Changye and the team, and realizing the output of technology, standards and industrial chain.

    Under the leadership of Liu Changye, SAIC-GM-Wuling has set up a high-level scientific research team in the field of localization of automobile controllers and chips. On the stage of international competition, Liu Changye firmly believes that the self-controlled technology and reliable product quality will make the road for China automobile to "go out to sea" wider and flatter.

    In Kan Kan, Liu Changye described his dream of "automobile power".

    "Sorry, actually, I haven’t had dinner yet, and my brain can’t turn around …" At the end of our interview, Liu Changye said apologetically again. Only then did we notice that the sweets and biscuits on the table were used to satisfy his hunger when he was busy.

    Fighting spirit, changing the unknown.

    Out of Liu Changye’s office, there is such a sentence printed on the head-on wall. Looking back on the interviews in the past few days, from Liu Changye and his team, we can see the hope and confidence of China automobile industry to lead the world in the new energy track. (Li Bin Rongyao)

In the colorful entertainment circle, every artist is fighting for his dream and life. Some people became a hit with a masterpiece, while others were controversial because of several works with poor evaluation in succession. Recently, Bao Beier, a powerful actor, gave a sincere and close-to-life answer to the question of "the poor quality of his works" from netizens, which aroused a wide discussion on the Internet for a time.

Bao Beier’s attitude in the face of doubt is impressive. In an open interview, he calmly responded to the criticism from the outside world with a self-deprecating frank attitude: "Yes, there is no other drama for me, so what to shoot. I am very satisfied to have the opportunity to film. Will I still be picky? " This remark not only made the reporters and audience on the scene laugh, but also quickly caused a heated discussion on the Internet.

In the highly competitive entertainment circle, the choice of actors is often limited. For Bao Beier, it is a kind of luck to get the script and have the opportunity to show his acting skills in front of the camera. He understands that in this industry, only a few actors can choose their own roles. Therefore, he chose to treat every performance opportunity with a peaceful attitude and cherish every performance. Bao Beier’s remarks not only reflect his true and humble personality, but also reflect the reality of the existence of entertainment actors. In this big dye vat, actors often have to face all kinds of temptations and challenges, and it is particularly precious to be able to keep their initial heart and stick to their beliefs and principles.

Of course, Bao Beier’s answer also inspired the netizens to think deeply. In the process of chasing box office and fame, how actors should grasp the quality of their works and how to balance the balance between business and art has become a topic worth pondering. After all, what the audience wants to see is those works that are rich in depth and interest, rather than the poor works that only attract attention and earn box office.

In fact, Bao Beier’s acting career is also full of twists and turns. He has also experienced the low point of his career, and some of his works have been questioned. But these experiences made him cherish every performance opportunity more and work harder to improve his acting skills and comprehensive quality. He knows very well that as an actor, only by constantly challenging himself and exceeding the limit can he gain a firm foothold in the entertainment industry and continue to grow and develop.

Looking forward to the future, we expect Bao Beier to keep this humble and diligent attitude, dare to challenge himself and bring more wonderful works to the audience. At the same time, we also hope that the whole entertainment circle can pay more attention to the quality and connotation of the works and offer more artistic masterpieces with depth and temperature to the audience. In this era of rapid consumption, the works that really touch the heart are the most precious.

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The first is the change in appearance. The new X1 adopts the latest family-style design elements, and the front face is changed with sharper line design. The area of the kidney-shaped front grille is further increased, and the headlights adopt the latest styling design, and the lower enclosure is redesigned, equipped with a large-size diversion groove design, which makes the front face of the new X1 look more fierce. The side shape is basically the same as the old model, and the tail adopts the layout of bilateral single exhaust, which makes the overall shape more fashionable and dynamic.

In the interior part, the new car adopts the latest design style, and the new car is replaced by a brand-new electronic bar shape. The car system is equipped with the sixth generation idrive human-computer interaction system, which adds touch function. In addition, the new car’s M multi-function sports steering wheel, double-round cool black instrument panel, electronic shift lever and sports seat with M logo are all made of black high-gloss material, which is more sporty as a whole.

The length of the car is 4616mm, the width of the car body reaches 1845mm, and the wheelbase is 2802mm, which is quite satisfactory. In the same class, the wheelbase of BMW X1 ranks 35th. This size exceeds most models in its class. The actual interior space performance is also very good. From the actual ride experience, the front and rear rows are relatively spacious. The design of skylight also increases the subjective space feeling of front and rear passengers. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of BMW X1 ranks 16th. The space is relatively regular, without obvious protrusions, and the overall loading capacity is good.

BMW X1M35Li adopts a 2.0 engine, with a maximum horsepower of 301 and a peak torque of 400, matching the wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox. 2.0 engine with BMW X1 is quite satisfactory in power performance, with weak low torque and can feel hysteresis. The official measured acceleration of BMW X1 is 5.6S, ranking 28th among 250,000-400,000 SUV models.

The active/passive safety configuration of BMW X1 is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

If the above data and participation can’t fully understand BMW X1, then we can give you a more comprehensive reference based on the word-of-mouth information of users who have bought BMW X1 in history. It can be seen that what everyone is most satisfied with BMW X1 is its interior praise, and the spacious space and smooth body are also the points that everyone likes it.

For most office workers, the first demand for buying a car is to travel instead of walking, and considering practicality, many of them can meet this requirement. What I bring to you today is that it has many highlights. Let’s take a good look at it.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of AION S. The design of AION S front is very sporty and sporty. Coupled with simple and fashionable headlights, the details are exquisite. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4810MM*1880MM*1515MM. The car adopts simple lines, and the side wall feels very hard. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the overall visual effect is very deep. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks more stable, and the taillights look very fashionable and sporty, creating a good atmosphere.

Sitting in the car, the interior adopts avant-garde design, and the overall design atmosphere is still in place. The steering wheel of the car is well designed, made of plastic material, and the visual effect is good. Let’s take a look at the central control. The design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior design quite layered, and the details are still in place. Next, let Xiaobian introduce the dashboard and seats. The car is equipped with an atmospheric dashboard and the shape takes the movement route. The car uses a fabric/imitation leather mixed seat, which is wide and thick and very comfortable to ride.

AION S is equipped with a motor with a total power of 100KW and a total torque of 175N.m It has good acceleration, excellent cruising range and good power performance.

In addition, the car is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), support for CarLife and other configurations.

Such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the cost performance is good. Xiaobian thinks that if you really want to buy this car, you still have to go offline to actually experience it.

Recently, 39-year-old Bao Beier was thrown cold water by the market because of the poor box office of his four new films. These four new films are Extreme Rescue, What’s in the Zoo, Villain and Fly Away. Among them, Extreme Rescue cost 200 million yuan, and the box office was only 72,000, making it one of the biggest box office disasters this year. "What’s in the Zoo" cost 150 million, the box office exceeded 100 million, but it lost 120 million; The villain cost more than 100 million, and the box office was less than 30 million. The production cost of these films is very high, but the box office results are not satisfactory, which made Bao Beier pay the price.

In recent years, Bao Beier has been addicted to film remakes, including Sisters in the Sunshine, When Men Fall in Love, My Robot Girlfriend, Veteran and so on. Although the box office results of these works are good, the audience’s evaluation of their acting skills is not high, and some even think that Bao Beier is "remaking" his career.

Bao Beier’s box office slump proves that it is only a matter of time before actors pay the price for making bad movies. The audience is heartless when they abandon you, which is proved by Out-and-Out.

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