Expert： The prevention and control rate of bivalent HPV vaccine is 84.5%. It is recommended to vaccinate as soon as possible.
Zhongxin. com, Guangzhou, July 18 (Cai Minjie, He Yuhang) At present, the types of cervical cancer vaccines include domestic bivalent, imported bivalent, tetravalent and nine-valent. Wang Ming, chief expert of Guangzhou Preventive Medicine Association, said at the seminar on prevention and control strategies of cervical cancer and hepatitis E diseases held in Guangzhou on the 18th that HPV (papillomavirus) type 16 and HPV type 18 are the two virus strains with the highest risk. In terms of preventing cervical cancer alone, bivalent and tetravalent vaccines are basically the same, and about 84.5% of cervical cancer can be prevented by inoculating vaccines covering the above two subtypes.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the fourth largest malignant tumor of women in the world, and it is also the largest gynecological malignant tumor in mainland China. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in mainland China have been rising, and there is a trend of youthfulness, accounting for almost one-sixth of the world’s incidence and mortality, which seriously threatens the health and development of mainland women. It is urgent to prevent and control it.
In 2018, the World Health Organization called for the global elimination of cervical cancer. The vaccination coverage rate of girls aged 9 to 14 needs to reach 90%, but at present, the vaccination rate of girls aged 9 to 14 in the Mainland is less than 0.05%. The road to eliminating cervical cancer has a long way to go.
Cervical cancer can be prevented and controlled, which requires early vaccination and early protection. At present, China is the only country in the world where four kinds of HPV vaccines are used in the market. Wang Ming said that the four vaccines have not been proved to have the effect of preventing diseases in people who have been infected with HPV. With age, the risk of exposure to HPV increases, especially after sexual life begins, so it is recommended to vaccinate as soon as possible.
Studies have shown that more than 84.5% of cervical cancer is infected by HPV16 and HPV18 viruses, and bivalent and tetravalent vaccines listed in China can protect against these two most dangerous precancerous lesions. "bivalent vaccine mainly prevents two high-risk subtypes, 16 and 18, and people aged 9 to 45 can be vaccinated. In foreign research results, it can prevent 70% of cervical cancer. Because the proportion of Chinese people infected with the above two types is higher, for us, the preventive ability of bivalent vaccine can be as high as 84.5%; Tetravalent vaccine mainly prevents subtypes 6, 11, 16 and 18, of which two high-risk types are the same as bivalence; Nine-valent vaccine can prevent five more HPV (subtypes are 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58 respectively), and the preventive ability of cervical cancer can be improved from 84.5% to 92.1%, and at the same time, it can prevent 90% of genital warts and other cancers around the reproductive tract. " Wang Ming said that under the premise of meeting accessibility, everyone can choose the vaccine that suits them according to their age and economic conditions.
In December 2019, National Medical Products Administration approved the marketing of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine of Xiamen Wan Tai Bio. This is the first approved domestic HPV vaccine, which is suitable for women aged 9 to 45. At present, more than 5 million pieces have been approved and issued. A large-scale clinical trial confirmed that the protective effect of HPV16/18-related precancerous lesions and high precancerous lesions in China women was 100%.
Wang Ming said that cervical cancer is the only malignant tumor with clear etiology, which can be prevented and controlled. In developed countries, through continuous improvement of screening management and popularization of cervical cancer vaccine, its morbidity and mortality have dropped significantly.